Tooth sensitivity (also called dentin hypersensitivity) happens when the protective layers of your teeth—like enamel or cementum—get worn down or damaged. This exposes the inner layer (called dentin), which contains microscopic tubules that lead straight to the tooth’s nerve. When heat, cold, sweet, or even air hits those tubules? Ouch.
The pain may be sharp and sudden or dull and lingering, but either way, it’s your teeth’s way of saying, “Hey, something’s not right.”
What Is Tooth Sensitivity, Exactly?
Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity
So, what causes tooth sensitivity in the first place? Here are some of the most common reasons:
- Brushing too hard: Using a hard-bristled toothbrush or scrubbing with too much force can wear down enamel and irritate your gums.
- Gum recession: When gums pull away from the tooth, they expose the sensitive root surface beneath.
- Tooth decay: Cavities or worn fillings can expose dentin and make your teeth more reactive to temperature and pressure.
- Acidic foods and drinks: Citrus fruits, soda, and vinegar-based products can erode enamel over time.
- Teeth grinding (bruxism): Grinding or clenching your teeth can wear down enamel and increase sensitivity.
- Teeth whitening products: Many over-the-counter and professional whitening treatments can cause temporary sensitivity.
- Cracked or chipped teeth: Damage to the tooth can expose dentin or even reach the nerve.
What You Can Do at Home
If your sensitivity is mild, a few changes to your daily routine may help:
- Switch to a toothpaste for sensitive teeth (like Sensodyne or a dentist-recommended option)
- Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and ease up on the pressure
- Limit acidic and sugary foods, especially between meals
- Use fluoride mouthwash to help strengthen enamel
- Avoid aggressive whitening products until sensitivity improves
If you grind your teeth, talk to your dentist about a custom nightguard. It can protect your enamel while you sleep. Don’t have a dentist? Learn more about our preventative dentistry services at Tedford Family Dentistry and how we can help you find relief from tooth sensitivity.
When to Call Your Dentist
Occasional sensitivity is common, but if it becomes more frequent, more painful, or starts interfering with your daily life, it’s time to schedule an appointment. We’ll look for signs of decay, damage, or gum disease and recommend the right treatment—whether it’s a fluoride treatment, a new filling, or even a protective sealant. Check out our restorative dentistry options to learn more about the various ways we treat tooth sensitivity.
And if you’ve been using whitening products recently? Don’t worry—it’s common for sensitivity to spike during treatment. We can help you manage that, too.
A Gentle Fix for a Common Problem
Tooth sensitivity might be common, but that doesn’t mean you have to just live with it. With a few simple changes and support from your dental team, you can reduce discomfort and protect your teeth for the long term.